藥毒所95年度
25 明顯的病理變化,各試驗組大鼠的體重增重 百分率、血液值及血清生化值均與對照組無 顯著性差異,且 3 種孢子都未在胃腸道、臟 器及血液中發現活性,只在第 1 天的糞材中 發現白殭菌與黑殭菌菌落(表 3. ),可見孢 子在大鼠體內在 1 天內由胃腸道清除,皆屬 於較安全的微生物製劑。體外消化穩定性試 驗比較得知,孢子存活時間愈久,其潛在的 毒性風險則愈高,因此, 3 種孢子的安全性 以綠殭菌最高,白殭菌次之,黑殭菌最低, 該資料可供微生物製劑開發過程中對人和動 物的簡要安全性評估之佐證。 Table 2. Viability effects of different spores in digesti stability test at 37 ℃ Viable spores in the different times B. bassiana N. rileyi M. anisopliae Item 1 ) 2h 4h 1d 2d 3d 4d 2h 4h 1d 2d 2h 4h 1d 2d 3d 4d 5d PBS +++ 2 ) +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ +++ ++ ++ - +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ SGF 10x + - + - - - - - ND ND ND ND +++ + - - - - - 1x + + - + - - - - - - - - +++ +++ ++ ++ + + + - 0.1x +++ +++ ++ ++ + + ++ + - - +++ +++ ++ ++ + + + SIF 10x +++ +++ ++ + + + - ND ND ND ND ++ ++ ++ + + - + - + - 1x +++ +++ ++ ++ + + ++ ++ + - +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + 0.1x +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ + +++ ++ ++ - +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ + 1 ) PBS: Phosphate buffered saline; SGF: simulated gastric fluid; SIF: simulated intestinal fluid. 2 ) +++: > 10 6 cfu/ml colonies detected; ++: 10 4 ~10 6 cfu/ml colonies detected; +: 10 2 ~10 4 cfu/ml colonies detected; + - : < 10 2 cfu/ml colonies detected; - : No colonies detected; ND: No detected. Table 3. Fugal cultures of organ tissues and digestive tracts after gavage feeding with different spores in rats No. of rats with different spores colonized from tissue on the different sacrificed days 1 ) Blank B. bassiana N. rileyi M. anisopliae Organs Day 1 3 7 14 1 3 7 14 1 3 7 14 1 3 7 14 Brain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lung 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Heart 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Spleen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Liver 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kidney 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MLN 2 ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Blood 3 ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stomach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Small intestine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Caecum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fece 0 0 0 0 3 4 ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 ) 0 0 0 1 ) The number of rats sacrificed was 3-5; 2 ) Mesenteric lymph node; 3 ) Sampled directly from arota artery; 4 ) 10 4 ~10 6 cfu/ml colonies detected; 5 ) 10 6 ~10 8 cfu/ml colonies detected.
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