臺灣農藥科學第四期電子書

6 臺灣農藥科學 第 4 期 an lethal concentration, LC 50 ) ，依其數值可 分為極劇毒 (extremely toxic) 、劇毒 (high- ly toxic) 、中等毒 (moderately toxic) 、輕 毒 (slightly toxic) 及 低 毒 (practically non-toxic) 等 5 個等級 ( 表三 ) ，如口服急 毒性 LD 50 ＞ 5,000 mg/kg 為低毒、＞ 2,000 ～ 表二 、毒性試驗之國際規範指引 Table 2. The international test guidelines for toxicity test Toxicity test Test type Test guideline Acute toxicity test Acute oral toxicity OECD test guideline 425 (Up and down procedure) US EPA test guideline OCSPP 870.1100 Acute dermal toxicity OECD test guideline 402 US EPA test guideline OCSPP 870.1200 Acute inhalation toxicity OECD test guideline 403 US EPA test guideline OCSPP 870.1300 Acute eye irritation OECD test guideline 405 US EPA test guideline OCSPP 870.2400 Acute dermal irritation OECD test guideline 404 US EPA test guideline OCSPP 870.2500 Skin sensitization OECD test guideline 442B (Local lymph node assay) Non-target organism toxicity test Fish acute toxicity OECD test guideline 203 USEPA test guideline OCSPP 850.1075 Daphnia sp. acute toxicity OECD test guideline 202 USEPA test guideline OCSPP 850.1010 Honey bee acute oral toxicity OECD test guideline 213 Honey bee acute contact toxicity OECD test guideline 214 Avian acute oral toxicity OECD test guideline 223 USEPA test guideline OCSPP 850.2100 Earthworm acute toxicity OECD test guideline 207 表三 、口服、皮膚及呼吸急毒性分類標準 Table 3 . Classification of acute oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity Classification Acute oral toxicity LD 50 (mg/kg) 1) Acute dermal toxicity LD 50 (mg/kg) 1) Acute inhalation toxicity LC 50 (mg/L) 2) Extremely toxic ≤ 5 ≤ 50 ≤ 0.05 Highly toxic > 5 ～ ≤ 50 > 50 ～ ≤ 200 > 0.05 ～ ≤ 0.5 Moderately toxic > 50 ～ ≤ 2,000 > 200 ～ ≤ 2,000 > 0.5 ～ ≤ 1.0 Slightly toxic > 2,000 ～ ≤ 5,000 > 2,000 ～ ≤ 5,000 > 1.0 ～ ≤ 5.0 Practically non-toxic > 5,000 > 5,000 > 5.0 1) Official pesticide toxicity classification in Taiwan. 2) Reference standard. Refer to the GHS toxicity classification standard.