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茄株上共食群之空間分布型

167

施藥區

3

種共食群以

Iwao

s m*-m regres-

sion

β

值來看,

sucking-insects

在未展開

葉上,

sucking-mites

在花上的分布型式屬逢

機型外,此

3

種共食群在未展開葉、展開葉

及花上均呈聚集型分布

(

表五

)

。依

Taylor

s

power law

分析結果顯示此

3

種共食群在未展

開葉、展開葉及花上均屬聚集型分布。

五、取樣數之估計

為了獲得準確的密度估計值,取樣數的

多寡是決定因素之一。本文採用不施藥區的

調查資料,以

Taylor

s power law

的截距值

(

a

)

與斜率值

(

b

)

來估算單一族群及不同共食群

在平均密度

5-200

隻時的最適取樣數,結果

表四、臺中市大里茄園不施藥區植食性種類不同共食群

(feeding guild)

在茄葉及花上之

Iwao

s m*-m regression

Taylor

s power law

的係數值

Table 4.

Parameters of Iwao

s m*-m regression and Taylor

s power law for the analysis of different

herbivorous feeding guilds found on leaves and flowers in an eggplant plot that had not

been treated with pesticides

Feeding

guilds

n

Iwao’s m*-m regression

Taylor’s power law

α

β

R

2

P

Log(a)

b

R

2

P

Spire leaf

Sucking-

insects

24

0.861

(1.103)

1)

2.307

(0.722)

0.317 0.004 0.980

(0.118)**

1.609

(0.207)**

0.734 0.000

Sucking-

mites

24 38.524

(12.162)**

2)

1.311

(0.773)

0.116 0.104 2.762

(0.374)**

1.337

(0.167)

0.745 0.000

Expanded

leaf

Chewers 11

0.254

(1.459)

19.814

(6.491)**

0.508 0.014 2.460

(0.456)**

1.591

(0.130)**

0.943 0.000

Sucking-

insects

24 -14.839

(17.988)

3.535

(0.545)**

0.656 0.000 -0.448

(0.798)

2.254

(0.245)**

0.696 0.000

Sucking-

mites

24 225.969

(107.628)**

4.180

(2.736)

0.096 0.141 4.039

(0.572)**

1.360

(0.192)

0.794 0.000

Flower

Sucking-

insects

21 -6.703

(2.317)**

3.542

(0.358)**

0.933 0.000 -0.868

(0.506)

2.575

(0.305)**

0.960 0.000

Sucking-

mites

21 1.125

(0.579)

3.516

(0.216)**

0.837 0.000 1.545

(0.087)**

1.689

(0.078)**

0.790 0.000

1)

Standard error values are listed in parentheses.

2)

** denotes significant difference in Student-

t

test results at a level of

α

= 0.05. Null hypothesis of

α

and log(a)

parameters are 0;

β

and b are 1.