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臺灣農藥科學 第
1
期
194
Analytical Methodology to Detect Gossypol Residue
in Agricultural Products
Hui-Shan Chen
1
, Sz-Ying Chen
1
, Tsyr-Horng Shyu
1
, Chen-Hua Huang
1
*
Abstract
Chen, H. S., Chen, S. Y., Shyu, T. H., and Huang, C. H. 2016. Analytical methodology to detect gossypol
residue in agricultural products. Taiwan Pestic. Sci. 1: 183-194.
To investigate sources of gossypol residue in cottonseed- and mushroom-based
products, we developed five analytical methods to detect this pollutant in agricultural
products. Specifically, to detect gossypol residues, we used a solvent to extract a gossypol
sample and then analyzed this sample using a spectrophotometer, high performance liquid
chromatography, or a liquid chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometer. Data showed
that average recovery ranged from 67% to 100%, and the standard deviation (of triplicate
experiments) was less than 20%. Moreover, our methods were quick and accurate for both
quantitative and qualitative determination of gossypol, and gossypol limits of quantitation
were 100 mg/kg in cottonseed, cottonseed hulls, and cottonseed meal; 5 mg/kg in feedstuff;
0.05 mg/kg in mushroom; 0.02 mg/kg in forest mushroom compost; and 0.01 mg/L in
milk. Therefore, our proposed methods are suitable for the determination and screening
of residues in the aforementioned agricultural products. Using our proposed methods, we
further showed that accorded the European Union maximum levels of gossypol in animal
feed (including feed material and complete feedstuff). Indeed, of the 63 agricultural product
samples we analyzed, gossypol was detected in 23 of them. Furthermore, the concentration of
detected gossypol ranged from 6,347 to 7,325 mg/kg in 4 cottonseed samples. Our proposed
methods can should be applicable to the routine monitoring of gossypol residues and can
improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Key words:
gossypol, agricultural products, feedstuff, growing medium, matrix matched.
Accepted: September 8, 2016.
* Corresponding author, Email:
chhuang@tactri.gov.tw1
Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture. Taichung.